Who proposes
The European Commission writes the first draft of almost every EU law. Nobody elects it directly, which is exactly why it argues so hard about legitimacy.
EU 101
How the European Union actually works — the institutions, the vocabulary and the procedures, explained once, properly, without the acronym soup.
Who amends
The European Parliament — 705 directly elected MEPs — rewrites, blocks and occasionally improves. Committees matter more than plenary speeches.
Who decides
The Council of the EU is national ministers voting as governments. Most of the real bargaining happens in Coreper, well before any camera is switched on.
Who arbitrates
The Court of Justice settles what the text actually meant. Its rulings have quietly reshaped more of European life than most summits.